How to teach your child letters easily and naturally?

When a mother believes that the child’s age already suggests learning letters, she is faced with the question of the teaching method. The mother will not want to burden the child with serious activities. Therefore, many are trying to make this process interesting, but at the same time very effective.

Sometimes the opinions of experts differ on this issue. However, there are some most general recommendations:

• It is necessary to teach when the child already has the opportunity to read. The meaning of this conclusion is that a child can learn letters at 1.5 years old. But it will just be memorization, which will be forgotten very quickly if it is not applied anywhere. A child at this age does not yet understand that this is part of the word. For him, this is something that his mother repeats and he must repeat.
• For this reason, it would be optimal to teach a child letters at 4 years old. By slowly working with your child, you will come to read syllables. This means your child will be prepared to read for school.
• At 3 years old, you can begin to introduce your child to letters, but do not force him to learn. Show him the letters and tell him what they are. Make sounds. And when the baby is ready, he will begin to repeat himself
• But if the child is very well developed, can speak and asks you to teach him to read, or you see his desire to understand some inscriptions, then your child is ready to learn

• But this does not mean that you should immediately give him serious studies with exams. No. Perhaps after the start of training you will see that it is difficult for the child, he is angry, he does not understand. Don't insist. If the baby’s desire has disappeared, wait until he is 4 years old.
• Some methods suggest starting training as early as 2 years

IMPORTANT: Whatever advice experts give, you must focus on your child. But at the age of 5 it is still worth starting to learn letters so that the child comes to school more or less prepared

How easy is it to learn letters with your child?

To ensure that learning letters is not difficult and stressful for your child, and the result is effective, follow these tips:

• Learn letters by playing. Read more about how to do this in the next section.
• Pronounce the letter correctly. Don’t say the letter “m” - “em”, the letter “p” - “pe”, and so on. Pronounce the letters as they sound: “m”, “p”, “s” and so on. That is, pronounce one sound briefly. Why is that? So that the child does not subsequently experience difficulties in reading. Otherwise, the child will want to read the word “dad” as “peapeaa”. And when you start explaining that it is “daddy” that needs to be read, the child will not understand why. After all, the letter “p” is “pe”
• Do not try to memorize the entire alphabet with your child at once. First, choose your vowels to start with. Secondly, take 2 letters and learn them throughout the week, reinforcing the result every day in a playful way. Only after this do you start new ones
• After learning enough letters to form a simple word, start forming words. This way the child will very quickly learn letters and begin to learn syllables. Composing words is relevant for children from 4 years old
• Always let your child know that a letter means something. That is, when teaching the letter “a”, say: “A-watermelon.” This way the child will begin to see the connection between the letter and the word. But this method will begin to work only after 3 years. Until this age, the baby simply will not see any connection

• Associations. They will help even the smallest children learn letters. Read more in the section below “Letter Associations”
• Draw, sculpt, paint, write, trace letters, lay out their shape with any available materials. All this will be interesting to the baby and he will remember the letters without noticing it.

• One of the passive ways to learn letters would be to hang letters in the child’s room or in the apartment as a whole. Cut out large letters and hang several in different places. Sometimes tell your child what the letter is. Don't push yourself with constant repetitions. The child will remember them without realizing it. After a week, change to others. It will be more effective if you hang the letter on an object that begins with this letter. This way the letter will be perceived by the child as part of something.

• Study order: we teach through associations, coloring, appliqués, and remember in games and the passive way of hanging letters
• Learning will go faster if the child sees, hears and touches the letter

IMPORTANT: By following these tips, learning will only bring pleasure to your child

How to learn letters with your child while playing?

Playing is a child’s favorite pastime. He will always agree to play and will receive a lot of pleasant pleasures. And learning letters in a playful way will be unobtrusive and relaxed.

Game 1. Cubes.

• The simplest and most unpretentious game
• Buy cubes with letters and pictures for each letter. Cubes can be soft, plastic, wooden
• Ask the child to find the object, then praise the child and say: “Well done. Showed a watermelon. A-watermelon." At the same time, point to the letter
• Or scatter cubes around the room and ask them to find the watermelon cube. The words when found are the same

Game 2. Application.

• Print and cut out letters with your child measuring about 10 cm high and 7 cm wide
• Invite your child to choose what you will use to make the applique: cereal, pasta, fabric, cotton wool
• Having chosen the material, sit down with your child, apply glue to the letters and, with the help of your child, stick the material on.
• At the same time, repeat that you will decorate the letter “A”
• Then glue the paper-cereal letter onto the cardboard to maintain its shape.
• Let the child choose the place for the applique.
• But the place should not be hidden. The child should see the letter every day

Game 3. Hide and seek.

• Print each letter in duplicate
• Select the first game letter. Let's assume "O"
• Leave one for yourself
• Place the second copy somewhere so that the child can find it.
• Place a few other letters in different accessible and visible places as well.
• Show your child a letter, name it and ask him to find it
• When your child goes looking, follow him and give him hints if necessary.
• The child should not be upset that he cannot find it, otherwise this method will become uninteresting for your baby

Game 4. The right choice.

• The game is more about consolidation
• Print pictures with letters
• Lay it out in front of your child and ask him to show the correct letter.
• Having found a letter, you can show an object starting with this letter

Game 5. Who is faster?

• It is good for two children or an adult and a child to participate in the game.
• Scatter several identical letters on the floor
• On command, participants must bring letters
• We praise everyone
• Be sure to repeat the sound of the letter every time
• You can encourage the participants with words or slogans like “Find the letter A quickly, but let’s hurry up!”

Game 6. Surprises in a bag.

• Place items in an opaque bag that begin with the letter you are studying.
• For example: hippopotamus, bull, drum, alarm clock
• Intrigue your child
• And let him take turns getting the toys, pronouncing the name of each

IMPORTANT: All children are different. Try different games and choose the one that suits your child

Video on the topic: Learning the letters of the alphabet: 3 games with semolina [Supermoms]

Letter associations

IMPORTANT: Your baby will easily remember the letters that evoke associations for him. The method is also suitable for children

• For each letter you study, come up with an association: what the letter looks like or who makes that sound
• You can come up with an association yourself, you can get ideas below
• If you see that a certain association does not work for a child, then temporarily put the letter aside
• After a while, return to the letter with a different association
• Associations are good because the child quickly remembers them and you don’t have to repeat the letter to him a hundred times so that he remembers it

Some associations.

Letter B.

• The letter B is a hippo who ate well and has a big belly.
• You can try to come up with rhyming lines like “Our hippo ate, walked around, got tired and sat down”
• At the same time, demonstrate all the actions that the hippopotamus does

Letter D.

• Looks like a house
• Take a small soft toy and put it in the house

Letter J.

• Cut a letter out of cardboard and say it's a bug
• Show how it crawls and buzzes “w-w-w-w”
• Invite your child to glue the bug's eyes
• Let your child crawl with the bug himself or take him for a ride in the car.

Letter O.

• The letter O looks like the mouth of a child who is crying and screaming “o-o-o-o-o”
• Add teeth and tongue to the mouth

Letter S.

• Sand is falling on the letter C
• Cut out a letter from cardboard
• Pour sand or semolina onto it carefully, as if sketching a letter with sand
• Speak at the same time "The sand is poured with S-s-s-s-s-ss"

Letter T.

• Cut from cardboard
• The letter T looks like a hammer
• Makes a knock-knock sound
• Tap the floor with a hammer and have your child repeat after you, saying “knock-knock.”

Letter X.

• The letter X looks like the intersection of two roads
• Take dolls or use your fingers to pretend to walk along the road
• While speaking rhyming lines
• For example: “We walk and walk along the path, my legs are tired. We’ll get to the end now, and then we’ll sit down and rest.”

Letter Sh.

• Looks like a snake that crawls and makes the sound “sh-sh-sh-sh”
• Crawl along the floor with the snake and don’t forget to draw a head with eyes and tongue

• If you decide to teach your child letters, then immediately after teaching some of the letters, start writing
• The child must understand that letters are needed to write words.

Where, what and how to write?

• Pencil, pen, felt-tip pen on paper
• Chalk on a blackboard or asphalt
• Paints on paper
• Stick in the sand
• Fingers on flour or semolina
• Lay out letters with pebbles on the asphalt

IMPORTANT: Draw yourself, but be sure to let your child draw too, but help him. If the baby doesn’t yet use a pen at all, then help him with this.

Video: Educational Cartoon. Copybooks for children: writing letters

• If you and your child sculpt the letters after voicing them, they will be remembered faster
• You can sculpt from salt dough or plasticine
• Having molded a letter, you can decorate it with beans, peas, beads, or simply decorate it

Video: We learn the letters from A to D, sculpt Play Doh from plasticine and open the Kinder Surprise! Educational cartoon!

• You can color letters that you have printed, written, cut out, written on asphalt or a board, molded from plasticine, or made from semolina by gluing it on cardboard.
• You can color with: felt-tip pens, crayons, finger paints, pencils, pens, gouache
• You can print letters, next to which there will be objects whose names begin with this letter

Outline letters

• Cut out the letter
• Place on a piece of paper or cardboard
• Let's circle. If the child cannot do it himself yet, then take his pen and trace
• You can outline with dots, strokes, straight lines
• After tracing, the outline can be laid out with pebbles, beans, pasta

Letter cookies

• By the age of 4, especially girls, there is a great interest in helping their mother bake goodies.
• Take advantage of this interest
• If you have a favorite cookie recipe, use it
• The dough should be elastic and not sticky
• Instead of the usual stars or circles, cut out the letters and bake them
• You can decorate with coconut or fondant
• Bake several letters in several copies so that you can add simple words: mom, dad, baba
• The child will happily play with the cookies and then eat them safely
• To make it easier, you can buy ready-made cookies in the store.

If such recipe If you don't have one, then use the following:

• Mix two eggs with vanilla to taste
• Beat with a mixer until foamy, about 10 minutes.
• Add butter (100 g) previously melted until it becomes sour cream.
• Stir for 5 minutes
• Whisk 300 g sour cream with 150 g sugar
• Add mixture to bowl with remaining ingredients
• Add 1 tbsp. l. flour mixed with 1/2 teaspoon of baking soda and stir
• Add another spoonful of flour
• The dough should become elastic and not sticky
• Place the kneaded dough in the refrigerator for 30 minutes to make it easier to form the letters.

• After cutting out the letters, place the cookies on a greased baking sheet in a preheated oven.
• The cookies should take on a golden color.

Flip through books, magazines

• You can use books and magazines to reinforce the letters you have learned.
• They are not very suitable for studying, since the child’s eyes will wander and it will be difficult for him to concentrate on a specific letter
• Show letters that the child already knows if they are highlighted somewhere on the page or written in large print.
• Or ask your child where the letter “A” is. If a child finds a letter, he will be very happy
• If he doesn’t succeed, give him hints, say what is shown next to him
• The letters should be quite large, do not force the child to look closely at the small print

Talking alphabet game

The talking alphabet is suitable:

• For those mothers who do not have enough time for self-study with their child
• Just to secure the material
• For variety of activities

Posters with talking alphabet.

• You can buy such a poster in almost any children's toy store.
• Hang it on the wall in the children's room or where the child plays most often
• If you are studying with a child, then a talking poster will only be an addition and a way to reinforce the material
• If you don’t work with your child yourself, then teach your child to work with a poster and he will come up with interest and press buttons.
• When pressed, he will hear a letter and an object/animal whose name will begin with this letter

Online Games.

• There are many such games on the Internet in the public domain.
• This method is bad because the child is forced to study at the computer. This means his eyes may get tired or his vision may even deteriorate.
• It is better to use such games only occasionally for variety.

Talking ABCs in video format.

• Also means keeping a child at the computer
• Unlike games, the child can be at a fairly far distance, as when watching cartoons
• Would also be good sometimes for variety
• See one example of such a video below.

Video: Talking alphabet. We teach the Russian alphabet for the little ones. For children 3-6 years old

Computer: look at the letters

• This method of teaching is suitable for lazy or busy mothers who cannot teach their child using simple improvised means.
• Looking at letters and hearing about them is certainly a good and useful activity
• But do not forget that it is better to add painting, appliqué and cutting out letters
• As a rule, learning letters on a computer comes down to watching educational cartoons.
• See one example video below

Video: Educational cartoons - ABC for kids

How to play the ABC game?

• The ABC game can be found in different versions
• These are online games in which you need to put letters in place, find an object starting with the desired letter; search for pairs for each letter
• Games can be understood by children from 3 years old
• Parents must be nearby and help
• Do not get carried away with such online games, because a computer does not bring any benefit to your child.
• If the game is not a computer game, but purchased in a store, then play it after reading the instructions. There can be a lot of different types of games like this.

ABC game

Educational games for children: learning letters 5 - 6 years old

• At 5-6 years old, it is imperative to teach a child letters if he does not already know them
• At this age, the main method is not associations, but words starting with a given letter: “A-watermelon”, “B-banana”
• The child will already perfectly understand the connection between letters and words
• All games will be limited to building words for this age
• Buy magnetic letters and form words from them

• The basic principles of training are the same as for early age (read the second section of this article)
• A primer book will definitely come to the rescue at this age.
• There you will see pictures and read entertaining poems to your child.
• A child at this age will no longer want to play completely childish games (see above)
• Learn the letter and ask your child to collect things around the house that he sees that correspond to the chosen letter. For each item you can offer a small tasty surprise. This will make it more fun and interesting for the child.
• Baking cookies together is also relevant for this age (read the rules and recipe above in the “letter cookies” section). Only such an adult child for letters can really help you fashion letters
• Buy a puzzle with letters

• Sculpt, cut, decorate, make appliqués. This is also true for ages 5-6 years

Always praise your child for success

• Learning is not always easy for a child
• Without your encouragement, your child will soon get tired of this process if he makes mistakes especially
• Always praise your child for success
• Even in the case of less than perfect memorization, understanding and answer

Moms, your child’s success and interest largely depend on you and your approach to this difficult task. Don’t be lazy to work with your child and soon you will be bragging to others about the successes of your beloved child.

Video: Learning letters with your child

Summary of a literacy lesson in 1st grade

(MK "Planet of Knowledge")

Lesson topic: “Unusual alphabet”

Target: acquaintance of students with the origins of the Slavic alphabet, Russian alphabets of various subjects.

Tasks:

promote the development of speech skills;

consolidate the skill of conscious expressive syllabic reading;

test the ability to isolate and distinguish vowel and consonant sounds, hard and soft consonant sounds, determine and designate the sound meanings of letters in sound patterns;

continue the development of children’s creative activity through project activities;

to cultivate a caring attitude towards the world of living nature, a value understanding of language as a great heritage.

Cognitive UUD:

1) we develop the ability to extract information from illustrations and texts;

2) we develop the ability to present information in the form of a diagram;

3 ) we develop the ability to identify the essence and features of objects;

4) we develop the ability to draw conclusions based on the analysis of objects;

5) We develop the ability to navigate the spread of a textbook.

Communication UUD:

1) We develop the ability to listen and understand others;

2) we develop the ability to construct a speech statement in accordance with the assigned tasks;

3) We develop the ability to express our thoughts orally;

4) We develop the ability to work in pairs.

Regulatory UUD:

1) we develop the ability to express our assumptions based on working with the textbook material;

2) we develop the ability to evaluate educational actions in accordance with the assigned task;

3 ) we develop the ability to predict upcoming work (make a plan);

4) We develop the ability to carry out cognitive and personal reflection.

Personal UUD:

1 ) we develop the ability to show our attitude towards the characters, express our emotions;

2 ) we form motivation for learning and purposeful cognitive activity;

3) We develop the ability to evaluate actions in accordance with a specific situation.

Spiritual and moral development and education:

1) education of moral sense, ethical consciousness and readiness to perform positive actions, including speech;

2) civic-patriotic education;

3) nurturing the ability to cognition;

4) aesthetic education.

During the classes

1. Organization of the beginning of the lesson

A) Invented by someone simply and wisely
When meeting, say hello:
- Good morning!
- Good morning!
Sun and birds!
- Good morning!
Smiling faces!
And everyone becomes kind, trusting...
May good morning last until evening...

Do you like to overcome difficulties?

Raise your hands those who are confident that they can cope with all the difficulties? Difficulties are always overcome if a person does everything in a good mood, with good thoughts.

Let's listen to ourselves. What's your mood now? Mark your mood on a card that lies on your table.

Guys, I want today's lesson to bring us the joy of communicating with each other. I wish you success and good luck!

2 . Formulating the topic and purpose of the lesson

Working with the board. Highlight 1 sound of each word (ABC)

Starting from the topic and relying on the beginning of the sentences displayed on the screen, formulate the objectives of the lesson:

Let's meet… different alphabets. (slide)

2 . Articulation gymnastics

Working with a tongue twister:

Borya gave Ira some toffee,

Ira Borya the barberry. (We read to ourselves, in a whisper, in each other’s ears, quickly read selectively)

3.Introduction to the topic of the lesson

Probably, each of you is interested in knowing how the Russian alphabet appeared.

Cyrillic (slide)- the alphabet that is used in Slavic countries, including Russia, was created by the Slavic scientists monks Methodius and Cyril (slide) (after which it is named) around the 9th century AD. The Cyrillic alphabet is based on the ancient Greek alphabet. As a sign of endless gratitude to Saints Cyril and Methodius in Russia every year May 24 passes Day of Slavic Literature and Culture, monuments were erected in many cities: Moscow, Veliky Novgorod, Samara, Kolomna, Saratov, etc. (slide)

4 . Work on the topic of the lesson

Thanks to the Cyrillic alphabet, today we are literate: we can write and read texts.

Working with the ABC book(slide)

Conversation

Open your ABC books to page 101. Read the title.

How do you understand the meaning of the word “alphabet”? What it is? Where can we find this information?

- Ozhegov’s explanatory dictionary gives the following definition of the alphabet- A set of letters accepted in a given writing system, arranged in a prescribed order, the alphabet.

I want to introduce you to the ABC Book. It contains a variety of alphabet books: the ABC of professions, the ABC of names, the ABC of the Forest Academy, the Fun ABC, the ABC of Baba Yaga and other interesting and educational alphabet books. And there are also Tasty, Sea, Circus ABCs, Mixed ABCs, Pinocchio ABCs, toys, for girls and boys, ABCs of caring parents, Uncle Tolya’s ABCs and others...

Of course, we won’t be able to get acquainted with all the alphabets listed in the lesson, but now you will be interested in reading these unusual alphabets on your own.

The primer is already waiting for us. Let's return to the ABC book page.

You see that the texts on our page are arranged in a “ladder”. Each step is an excerpt from the next alphabet of some poet.

Reading

Read the name of the first alphabet that we are about to meet. (slide)

Why is this alphabet so named? What will the poems be about?

Look at the first illustration.

Who is this? (Hippopotamus)

What letter is at the beginning of this word?

Let's read a poem about a hippopotamus.

Many of you have been familiar with poems from the alphabet by S.Ya. from early childhood. Marshak. Now we will be happy to listen to the guys.

Reading excerpts from the alphabet “About Everything in the World” by S. Marshak by heart

The stork spent the summer with us,

And in winter he stayed somewhere.

(Tishkina V)

Spruce looks like a hedgehog:

The hedgehog is covered in needles, and so is the Christmas tree.

(Borisova Ya)

The beetle fell and could not get up.

He is waiting for someone to help him.

(Gerasimova M)

The cat caught mice and rats.

The rabbit was gnawing on a cabbage leaf.

(Prokhorova V)

The bear found honey in the forest -

Little honey - many bees.

(Kiseleva E)

The donkey was angry today:

He found out that he was an ass.

(Suleymanova A)

The shell is worn by a turtle,

Hides his head in fear.

(Mytareva K)

The old elephant sleeps peacefully -

He can sleep standing up.

(Shipunova U)

There are no berries more sour than cranberries.

I know the letters by heart!

(Gordeeva A)

- The most observant ones noticed the peculiarity of the alphabet “About everything in the world.” What? (Each poem has two lines, each beginning with the letter being studied)

4) Introduction to the ABC of Names by Vladimir Orlov

- The path to the next alphabet is difficult. You need to solve a difficult riddle:

It's given to you
And people use it.

(Name)(slide)

We will be introduced to the alphabet of names Smetanin Daniil, Vilk Nikita, Kushmantsev Daniil, Mukhamedov Ruslan.

1. Reading poems from the alphabet by heart

Kushmantsev D

Luda, Lyudmila

She fed the cow

Sweet - sweet

With your chocolate.

But there's something wrong with the cow -

Doesn't give milk

Chocolate.

Mukhamedov Ruslan

Lenya came out of the gate -

Everything on it is the other way around:

Inside out,

Turn inside out,

Lenya is just great:

Finally got dressed!

Smetanin Daniil

The spring breeze is circling,

As if I had lost something.

He's just in warm puddles

I danced with Vovka.

And now without Vovka

On this warm spring day

Along with the wind on a rope

Vova's pants are dancing.

Vilk Nikita Ilyushka is surprised:

I do not know what happened to me?

I helped an old lady yesterday

Carry the suitcase home. –

Ilya looks in the mirror:

Is it me or not me?

Guys, why is Ilya surprised?

Do you often do good deeds?

2. Game “Big - small letter” - “Consonant-vowel”

Tell me, how do we write all the names?

Are names only capitalized?

Let's play the game "Big - small letter"

Elephant, mouse, Rita, doll, Ivanov, giraffe, mother, Galina,

Maina, Moscow.

5) Introduction to the ABC of Baba Yaga by Andrey Usachev

So, we get acquainted with the ABC of Baba Yaga. (slide)

Which evil hero of Russian folk tales begins with the letter “K”?

(slide)

Assignment from Koshchei the Immortal - game “Guess the Fairy Tale”

I suggest you play the game “Guess the Fairy Tale”, and you will find out the names of the fairy tales about which Andrei Usachev wrote poems in the ABC of Baba Yaga.

I name three key words from a fairy tale, and you guess its name.

1) Pies and a pot of butter. ("Little Red Riding Hood".)(slide)

2) Pies, box, bear. ("Masha and the Bear".)(slide)

3) Stove, ice hole, buckets. ("By magic".)(slide)

4) Apple tree, stove, river. ("Swan geese".)(slide)

5) Cup, chair, bed. ("Three Bears".)(slide)

6) Sound analysis of words (work with handouts) - differentiated work

- Baba Yaga doesn’t just let anyone go. She has prepared an interesting task for you, which I am sure you will easily cope with.

Each of you has a piece of paper on your desk. Turn it over and look carefully.

What do you think is the point of completing Baba Yaga's task? What should be done?

Right. You need to paint each square with a certain color so that you get the correct sound pattern of the word - the name of the picture.

Physical education minute

Arzu conducts

7) Working with the ABC book

1. Reading room No. 4

You know that different animals live in the forest.

I think each of you is interested in knowing what the animals are talking about.

Let's eavesdrop on the conversation between the mouse and the fox.

You have to do the work in pairs.

If we see a dash at the beginning of sentences, it means we have... (dialogue/polylogue)

Thus, 1 student reads as a fox, and his desk neighbor reads as a mouse.

Role-playing reading (independently, then at the board)

Which of the heroes did you like best? Why?

2. Reading (page 101)

- Now let's return to the ABC book page with which we started the lesson.

Read the name of the alphabets written in large print, which we have not yet had time to get acquainted with.

What do you think these ABCs are about (or who)?

Let's make sure of this.

Why are animals called “our little brothers”?

Unfortunately, adults and children do not always treat their pets with care.

Let's watch a cartoon about a kitten and its owner.

8) Watching the cartoon “Tin Can”(slide)

- What is the boy happy about?

Let's watch the continuation.

Did you like the ending of the cartoon? Why?

10) Presentation of student projects on the topic “Unusual alphabet”(slide)

11) Summing up the lesson

1. Well done! You have completed all the tasks. Let's summarize our lesson

   Self-analysis of work in the lesson

   - Work in mood sheets

   - Complete the sentence: “...”

   What can you praise yourself for?

   I want to praise you all for your activity, effort and creativity.

   What was our lesson about? Remember the cartoon, scenes. (Not only the alphabet, but also kindness, those simple truths that you are taught from early childhood: to love and honor your parents, to help those in need, to care for all life on earth...)

   Let there be no place for bad deeds in your life. Let's do only good deeds!

   Thanks everyone for the lesson. The lesson is over.

Perhaps the title of this article will seem immodest to you, and the author - arrogant. You might think that the author used such a title to attract the attention of readers.

Yes it is. The purpose of this title is to draw your attention to the truly most effective way to teach a child the letters of the Russian alphabet in the shortest possible time and teach him to pronounce these letters with sounds. You will see for yourself the simplicity and effectiveness of this method by reading this article and starting to teach your child letters with its help. After just five lessons, your child will know all 10 vowels well and will begin to memorize consonants, even if he did not know a single letter before. And, most importantly, he will learn letters during games and remember them firmly.

But first, a little digression. Before you start teaching your child letters, you must decide why he needs it. Some parents are proud that they were able to teach letters to a two-year-old or even one-and-a-half-year-old child. But you should only do this if you also start teaching your child to read. Any knowledge must immediately find its practical application. But teaching letters by itself, without simultaneously learning to read, makes no sense. There are many other, no less effective, ways to develop a child’s memory and stimulate the brain during its formation. It’s good if, by the time the child begins learning to read, he forgets these prematurely learned letters and does not begin to pronounce them the way he was once taught: Be, Ve, Ge... or By, You, Gy..., otherwise when reading this It will really bother him. You ask: “Well, if you teach a child letters and reading at the same time, then at what age is it better to start, from two years old?” I believe that at home, in the family, a mother with a child of this age can already study; but first for half a minute, and then for several minutes throughout the day. As a result of such “lessons”, built in the form of a game, the child will develop the ability to concentrate on some specific activity, and then, starting from the age of three and even a little earlier, he can be taught to read in a group of children like him. Just don’t forget that learning to read, especially early learning, should take place without coercion, in play, against a background of positive emotions.

A game method for learning ten vowels in 5 lessons

So, you have set out to teach your child to read books. You will, of course, start by learning letters with him. In what order should they be taught? Of course, not in alphabetical order and not in complete disorder, when the child is given vowels and consonants mixed up.

An important factor in the initial stage of learning to read in vocabulary is the child’s solid knowledge of the ten letters that represent vowel sounds (hereinafter, for simplicity, I will simply call them “vowels”). I have more than once drawn my attention to the fact that children who read poorly, even schoolchildren, are hesitant to name vowels, and when reading they stumble, remembering whether it is E, or Yo, or YU. In view of the paramount importance of knowing ten vowels for full reading (so that the child does not “stumble” in every warehouse), I developed this game technique for quickly learning them, which I have been successfully using for several years now.

The duration of each of the five lessons of this technique is several minutes. Lessons are held twice a week, and on the remaining days of the week, parents repeat the content of the previous lesson with the child for two to seven minutes a day. I calculated that teaching a child ten vowels using this method takes a total of just over an hour.

The methodology is based on the principle of repeated display and synchronous sounding of a group of symbols with their gradual partial replacement, proposed by the outstanding teacher Glen Doman. In this case, the task is made easier by the fact that in Russian the vowels form pairs that seem to rhyme: A - Z, O - E, U - Yu, Y - I, E - E. I supplemented the multiple screening with five reinforcing games I developed.

• The goal of classes using this method is to give the child a solid knowledge of ten vowels in five lessons. Often, parents believe that their child does not need this: “He has known all the letters since he was two years old.” When you start showing him the letters, it turns out that he doesn’t know them well. Confused E With Yo or with YU, does not know E, Y, sometimes thinks, remembering a letter. Before starting to learn to read, the child’s knowledge of all vowels must be brought to automaticity.
• From other ways of learning letters, which often only slow down their assimilation and make it difficult to use ( A- watermelon, AND- turkey or ABOUT- like a bagel, YU- Yulina letter, I- looks like a pole with a lantern, etc.), this technique is simple and effective.

Lesson #1

Write or print the vowel letters on thick white paper, each on a separate card: letters A, O, U, Y, E- in large bold red font on cards measuring 12x10cm, and I, Yo, Yu, I, E- in blue bold font of a slightly smaller size on 9x10cm cards. For the first lesson you will only need cards A, Z, O, Yo.

A	I
ABOUT	Yo

On the back of each card, write this letter by hand for yourself, so as not to look at the front side when showing the letters to your child.

Classes can be taught by a teacher or one of the child’s parents.

Showing the first two pairs of vowels (A - Z, O - E).

Place two pairs of cards in a stack as shown in the left picture, with the back side facing you. Move the card closest to you A forward (as indicated by the arrow in the right picture) and show it to the child. Say: "This is A". Then put the next card forward and say: "This is I"; then - "This is - ABOUT"; and then - "This is - Yo"Show each card no longer than 1 second. Do it in a fun way, like a game. Look not at the cards, but into the child’s eyes to see where he is looking and attract his attention. Letters A And ABOUT most children already know. You can pause and give the child the opportunity to name them himself. A letters I And Yo quickly name it yourself, before the child, so as not to give him the opportunity to make a mistake. And don't ask your child to repeat them. Your task is to quickly show these four letters and at the same time recite a small poem:

"This - A"

"This - I"

"This - ABOUT"

"This - Yo"

Children can easily remember longer poems, and even more so, they will soon begin to repeat such an easy poem on their own.

If you are a teacher, explain to the child's mother present in class that she must show and name these four letters to him every day until the next lesson at least five times a day. Let her do this the first time in your presence so that you can correct her if she does something wrong. Do not hesitate to explain everything to parents in the same detail as to their children and check that they understand you. Shuffle the cards. Ask mom to put them in the right order. Then she must sit or stand the child in front of her and look into his eyes while showing the letters. She must pronounce letters unfamiliar to the child clearly and before him. A typical mistake is when mom takes out the next letter and holds it in her other hand, without covering the last letter with it. In this case, the child sees two letters at the same time.

Tell your mom that all her homework will take her half a minute a day, because... one such display lasts five seconds. It’s just important not to miss them. Gradually, the pause after the word “This is...” should be increased, and the word itself should be pronounced with a questioning intonation, as if encouraging the child to name the letters himself. The child must simply name the letter. He shouldn't say "this" A" or "letter A"Give your mother the four letters you made and ask her to bring them with her to class.

Lesson #2

By the beginning of this lesson, the children had already repeated for two or three days after their mother A, Z, O, Yo and remembered them well in this order.

Reinforcing games.

Now with these four letters you need to play five reinforcing games so that the children firmly remember them both in the order of the learned rhyme and separately.

Place four cards in pairs on the table in front of the child, calling them out loud, in the order in which they were shown to him. After that, start playing games.

A	I
ABOUT	Yo

1st game. "Wind". Explain to your child that the red letters are big brothers, and the blue letters are little brothers. Then say: “The wind came and mixed up all the brothers.” Mix the letters yourself so they don't end up upside down. Then let the child put them in order in pairs, calling out loud: A- near I, ABOUT- near Yo(with your help at first).

2nd game. "Hide and seek." Cover the smaller cards with larger ones (red letters on top) and change the order of these pairs: “The little brothers hid under the big ones and swapped places so that Helen wouldn’t find them. Guess which little brother hid under the big brother ABOUT? That's right, under ABOUT hid Yo! And under A? Right, I!"

3rd game. "Hide and seek." You play the same way, but this time it’s the other way around - the big brothers are hiding under the little ones.

4th game. "Crow". Move your palms over the cards laid out in the correct order and say: “The crow flew, flew, flew, flew and... ate the letter.” Quickly cover one of the letters with your palm: “Which letter did the crow eat?” It is better to move both palms at the same time, so that it is more difficult for the child to guess which letter you are going to cover. If he was unable to answer quickly, remove your palm for a moment and cover the letter again. If he doesn’t say even then, tell me, for example: “Next to ABOUT. Right, Yo!" Over time, the child will remember the location of the letters and will guess them easily.

Game 5 "Cards". Now use the same cards to play with your child the same way adults play cards. You shuffle the cards, then throw a card on the table in front of him and ask: “What is this?” If you name it correctly - you win and take the card, if you make a mistake - another student takes it, and at home - your mother takes it. Don’t rush to allow other students to give you hints, let your child think a little. At first, try throwing cards in pairs: first ABOUT, for her Yo, A — I etc. If the child wins confidently, throw in pairs, but in reverse order. Then start throwing randomly.

The mother present at the lesson remembers and writes down how to play these five games at home. You only need to play once a day, unless the child asks for more. But each time, stop the game while he still wants to play: “We’ll finish the game another time.”

Showing three pairs of vowels (A - Z, O - Yo, U - Yu).

After you have played five games with the first two pairs of letters, draw the next pair of cards you made U - Yu, write them on the back for yourself and add them to the pile (after the lesson, give this pile, all six letters, to your mother).

A	I
ABOUT	Yo
U	YU

Now show your child three pairs of letters the same way you showed him two pairs in lesson No. 1. Only this time the child names the first four letters, and you quickly name the last two yourself, not letting him make a mistake (remind your mother of this too). Give mom the same instructions as in lesson No. 1. By the next lesson, after two or three days of showing, the child will remember a new poem:

"This - A"

"This - I"

"This - ABOUT"

"This - Yo"

"This - U"

"This - YU"

Give your mom these six letters you made and ask her to bring them with her to the next lesson.

Attention! After lesson No. 2, the mother shows the child these three pairs of vowels several times a day, but so far plays reinforcement games with him only for the first two pairs ( A - Z, O - E) once a day.

Lesson #3

By the beginning of this lesson, the children had already learned the rhyme:

"This - A"

"This - I"

"This - ABOUT"

"This - Yo"

"This - U"

"This - YU",

and the letters A, Z, O, Yo thanks to five reinforcing games they know and randomly. Now they need to consolidate the knowledge of the last vowels they learned U And YU.

Reinforcing games.

Place the following six cards in pairs on the table in front of your child, calling them out loud, in the order in which they were shown to him. After this, play the games detailed in Lesson No. 2.

Show your child these three pairs of letters as you did in previous lessons. As before, the child names the first four letters, and you quickly name the last two yourself, not letting him make a mistake (remind your mother of this too).

Give your mom all the letters you made and ask her to bring them with her to the next lesson. Tell your mom that all her homework will now take her no more than six minutes a day and remind her that it is important not to miss any of them.

Attention! Pay attention to the mother that after this lesson the child needs to be shown these three pairs of vowels several times a day, putting aside those that are well known to him AND I. And in the evening you need to play reinforcement games with him once only for the first three pairs: A - Z, O - Yo, U - Yu(without yet Y,— AND).

Lesson #4

By the beginning of the fourth lesson, children know the following vowels in pairs: A - Z, O - E, U - Yu, Y - I, and the letters A, Z, O, E, U, Yu Thanks to reinforcing games, they know randomly. Now they need to consolidate the knowledge of the last vowels they learned Y And AND.

Reinforcing games.

You have already realized that the number of vowels with which we play reinforcement games increases with each lesson: in the second lesson we played with four letters, in the third - with six, and now these five games need to be played with eight letters.

Place the following eight cards in pairs on the table in front of your child, calling them out loud, in the order in which they were shown to him. After this, play the games detailed in Lesson No. 2.

A	I
ABOUT	Yo
U	YU
Y	AND

Showing three pairs of vowels (U - Yu, Y - I, E - E).

This time you remove the first two pairs of cards AND I And O - Yo, and take out the last pair you made E - E. Label these cards on the back for yourself and add them to the pile. The total number of letters shown is still six and the rhyme remains just as easy to remember. It is also important that the letters E And Yo, which children often confuse, never “meet” when shown: when the letter “came” E in the fourth lesson, letter Yo already gone". Now the cards are in the pile in the following order.

U	YU
Y	AND
E	E

Show your child these three pairs of letters as you did in previous lessons. As before, the child names the first four letters, and new ones for him E And E you quickly name it yourself, not allowing him to make a mistake (once again remind your mother of this). Give your mom all ten letters you made and ask her to bring them with her to class. Tell her that all her homework will now take her no more than six to seven minutes a day and remind her that it is important not to miss a single one. But it really worries me a lot...
Thank you!

05/10/2015 16:40:29, natka-Lu

How can you tell whether a child has already memorized a letter or not if he is still 4 months old and cannot speak?

This article corresponds to the modern level of ideas about early development, set in the book Read Before You Walk in 1995 - 1996.
The author quite correctly states:
“Before you start teaching your child letters, you must decide why he needs it.”
"Any knowledge must immediately find its practical application."
- That is, letters should be learned if you teach reading at the same time, otherwise the child will quickly forget the letters.
What is the author's mistake here, if any?
This error is purely technical, but it can play a fatal role - the author himself, apparently, is intuitively aware, but he calls “letters” - letters, and not letter sounds, as recommended in the system of “true early development: Reading before you walk” . It is clear from the text that he does not rule out calling the letters BE, GE, DE, etc. But this is categorically excluded in Tyulenev’s system, which since the 80s is that you cannot tell a child BE, GE, etc. even once, because the child instantly remembers and then it is very difficult for him to form words from the letters BE, ME, GE and so on.!
Another clarification.
When asked at what age, the author answers that at two years old you can start:
“I believe that at home, in the family, a mother with a child of this age can already study; but first for half a minute, and then for several minutes throughout the day.”
This is correct, but you can start using Sharovarov’s “Read before you speak” and Tyulenev’s “Read before you walk” methods even before you are a year old.
So, in 2002, in fact, it was recorded that using a special method a child can be taught to read as early as six months - this was reported at this conference.
Here's another clarification. The author recommends:
"Write or print the vowels on thick white paper, each on a separate card: the letters A, O, U, Y, E - in large bold red font on cards measuring 12x10cm, and I, E, Yu, I, E - in blue in bold print in a slightly smaller size on 9x10cm cards...."
- for group classes, this size of cards can be useful.
However, since 1988 it has been proven that cards of a much smaller size can be used, for example, the “ABC of Genius” cards - the Universal Developmental ABC of Methods of Intellectual Development, abbreviated as URAMIR - for classes with a newborn have dimensions of 7 x 3 cm.
In general, the article is wonderful, although there are no links to primary sources, and many of the ideas and recommendations of the book Read Before Walking in this article are either not learned, or the author does not know about them...
I believe that exactly the way Polyakov did it, we need to work through every step of early development methods. :)

oh, there’s a whole dissertation, I just learned the sounds, and then we learned to read according to Zhukova with both the little ones and the older ones

Almost all parents understand that the time will definitely come when they will need to learn the letters of the Russian alphabet with their child. And they face a lot of questions. For example, at what age will learning be most successful? Or how to make classes interesting for children? And, in general, how to study it?

Children learn better through play

You can start learning the alphabet at any age. Some parents start learning the alphabet, when the little man was not even one year old. And many people don’t think about it until school. Of course, these are extremes. In the first case it is still early, in the second it is already late. The optimal age for learning letters is 4.5–5 years. During this period, children develop the ability to analyze, their interest in their surroundings greatly expands, and their ability to absorb information increases. It is at this time that the child may have a desire to learn to read.

Techniques to support learning

There are a lot of different techniques, methods and exercises that make learning the letters of the Russian alphabet easy for children. This can include special coloring books, computer games, cutting out letters, sculpting them from plasticine, and even baking.

An original way to memorize letters

You can try this technique: first you need to remember 10 vowel letters, they come in pairs and rhyme, so learning them will be easy: A-Z, U-Y, O-Y, E-E, Y-I. And then move on to consonants, which can also be divided into pairs, for example, voiceless - voiced. There is also a method for learning sounds rather than letters.

One of the most effective ways is singing. You just need to learn a song with the alphabet and hum it constantly. This option is also popular: learning the letters of the Russian alphabet for children aged 5 years not with letters, but immediately with words.

Learning and memorization are best if visual memory is involved. Therefore, it will be very effective to cut out large letters and place them in a constant visibility area so that the child can get used to them and remember them. It is good that they are red, as this color attracts attention. In general, all tools, cards, materials used in teaching should be very bright, colorful, beautiful and attractive in appearance.

It has been proven that children remember the alphabet faster and easier if the letters are depicted in the form of an animal. Or when a picture is drawn next to the letter. And then children will associate the letters with a certain image. For example, A with a watermelon or a stork, B with a drum, etc.

If you simultaneously teach your child to write the letters they are learning, the effect will increase many times over.

Just no exams or forced imposition! This should all be interesting to the little one. Let the information flow slowly so that the child does not get confused and refuse to learn. It’s just wonderful if the baby begins to take an interest in letters on his own. And if not, then you need to awaken this curiosity in him. And temporarily postpone classes if interest still does not arise.

Training rules

Understanding that moderation and rationality are important in everything will lead to the fact that the baby will master the alphabet quickly enough.

You cannot demand something beyond the bounds of a child or force him to learn letters. He should be interested, he should be passionate about the process and want these activities. And if this is not the case, then maybe it’s worth postponing the lessons or trying another, more suitable method? The main thing to remember is that children learn best by playing!

Similar articles